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- X documents
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- X-based Documentation and Information
-
- * 64bit:
-
- * Is your X code ready for 64-bit?, (Sept/Oct 1995)
-
- * X11R6:
-
- * X11 Release 6, May 1995
- * What's New with X11R6 for IRIX 6.0 and 5.3, based on X Window System,
- Version 11, Release 6 Release Notes with SGI Annotations, (7/11/94)
-
- * Performance:
-
- * D11: A High-Performance, Protocol-Optional, Transport-Optional Window
- System with X11 Compatibility and Semantics, (2/5/95)
- * X Performance and You, (8/17/94)
-
- * Window Systems:
-
- * Multi-pipe Graphics Configurations, March, 1995
- * The Past, Present, and Future of Window Systems at Silicon Graphics,
- (6/22/94)
-
- * X Server:
-
- * X Server Multi-rendering for OpenGL and PEX, (1/25/94)
- * A Fully Functional Implementation of Layered Windows, explains the
- semantic basis for SGI's current X server support for layered windows,
- (January, 1993)
- * Going Beyond the MIT Sample Server: The Silicon Graphics X11 Server,
- explains the enhanced capabilities of SGI's X server, (January, 1993)
-
- * Programming:
-
- * A Three Color Cursor for X, (June, 1993)
- * Programming X Overlay Windows, explains how to use SGI's
- SERVER_OVERLAY_VISUALS convention to portably create X windows in the
- overlay planes, (June 1993)
-
- * X11R5 Input Extension Library:
-
- * X11 Input Extension Library Specification, Version 1.0, (1991)
- * X11 Input Extension Porting Document, (1991)
- * X11 Input Extension Protocol Specification, Version 1.0, (1991)
- * Appendix A, Input Extension Protocol Encoding
-
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- Document Abstracts/Overviews:
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-
- * Is your X code ready for 64-bit?, Published in the September/October
- 1995 Issue of The X Journal
- o html format
- o compressed PostScript (9 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
-
- The material presented here focuses on how the coming transition to
- 64-bit in the workstation world affects X programmers coding in C or
- C++. The transition to 64-bit will be much easier if you are aware of
- how 64-bit systems affect the X Window System and the X code you write.
- Even if you have no immediate plans to use 64-bit systems, the code you
- write today may be ported to future 64-bit systems. If written
- correctly, the necessary porting effort can be greatly eased.
-
- This article is structured in three sections. The first section
- explains the options and advantages for using 64-bit systems. In
- particular, how a 64-bit programming model changes the sizes of
- fundamental C data types is discussed. Then, the second section
- explores the kinds of general portability problems introduced by 64-bit
- data types. The last section details how 64-bit systems affect the X
- Window System and how to avoid 64-bit portability pitfalls specific to
- X programming interfaces.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * X11 Release 6, Pipeline, May/June 1995
-
- This article provides an overview of the changes from X11 Release 5
- (provided with IRIX 5.1 and IRIX 5.2), and X11 Release 6 (provided with
- IRIX 5.3, IRIX 6.0, and IRIX 6.0.1). The information provided in this
- article was largely obtained from the X Window System, Version 11,
- Release 6 Release Notes from the X Consortium, May 16, 1994.
-
- The following sections will briefly describe how SGI has implemented
- (or not implemented) the new X Consortium standards in X11R6.
-
- o Compatibility
- o X server
- o Fonts and the Font Server
- o Internationalization
- o Input Method Protocol
- o Inter-Client Exchange
- o Session Management
- o X Logical Font Description
- o Configuration Files
- o Kerberos
- o Xlib
- o Xt
- o Xaw
- o PEX
- o twm
- o xdm
- o References
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * What's New with X11R6 for IRIX 6.0 and 5.3, based on X Window System,
- Version 11, Release 6 Release Notes with SGI Annotations, (7/11/94)
- o compressed PostScript format (22 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
-
- This document is based on the release notes accompanying the X11R6
- release for the X Consortium. The original text is annotated with
- italics (like this) explaining how X11R6 is supported for IRIX 6.0 and
- 5.3.
- The main difference between IRIX 6.0 and 5.3 versions of X11R6 is the
- existence of the 64-bit X shared libraries in /usr/lib64 in IRIX 6.0.
- Otherwise, the two operating system releases will be largely identical
- in the X11R6 support.
- Because IRIX 5.3 will release after IRIX 6.0, it should be expected
- that IRIX 5.3 will have further bug fixes. As an X Consortium member,
- Silicon Graphics is privy to official bug fixes from the X Consortium.
- Reported bugs in the public X11R6 release are likely to be resolved in
- the IRIX 6.0 and 5.3 releases.
- All the X programs supplied with IRIX 6.0 and 5.3 will be 32-bit. This
- of course includes the X server.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * D11: A High-Performance, Protocol-Optional, Transport-Optional Window
- System with X11 Compatibility and Semantics, (2/5/95)
- o html format
- o compressed PostScript (17 pages)
-
- Abstract:
-
- Consider the dual pressures toward a more tightly integrated
- workstation window system: 1) the need to efficiently handle high
- bandwidth services such as video, audio, and three-dimensional
- graphics; and 2) the desire to achieve the under-realized potential for
- local window system performance in X11.
-
- This paper proposes a new window system architecture called D11 that
- seeks higher performance while preserving compatibility with the
- industry-standard X11 window system. D11 reinvents the X11
- client/server architecture using a new operating system facility
- similar in concept to the Unix kernel's traditional implementation but
- designed for user-level execution. This new architecture allows local
- D11 programs to execute within the D11 window system kernel without
- compromising the window system's integrity. This scheme minimizes
- context switching, eliminates protocol packing and unpacking, and
- greatly reduces data copying. D11 programs fall back to the X11
- protocol when running remote or connecting to an X11 server. A special
- D11 program acts as an X11 protocol translator to allow X11 programs to
- utilize a D11 window system.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * X Performance and You, (8/17/94)
- o compressed showcase format (71 slides)
- o uncompressed showcase
-
- A set of 71 showcase slides from the SGI Software Seminar Series,
- focusing on:
- o why good window system performance is very important to a large
- class of programs now because the window system is complex;
- o how does one get the most out of the window system?
- o performance insights into SGI's X Window System;
- o specific techniques for diagnosing and improving SGI X programs.
- o includes referenced /proc User+Sys Measurer program example.
- o includes referenced xscope protocol traceer script.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * Multi-pipe Graphics Configurations, Pipeline, March/April 1995
-
- There are many misconceptions surrounding multi-pipe systems. This
- article will provide a list of multi-pipe systems that are currently
- supported by SGI, and attempt to clear up some of the confusion with
- regard to other SGI products. It will then explain some restrictions
- inherent in the X window system that end users may encounter, as well
- as the different configurations possible with a multi-pipe system that
- a system administrator might find useful. Finally, some multi-pipe IRIS
- GL programming caveats will be discussed for the benefit of the SGI
- developer.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * The Past, Present, and Future of Window Systems at Silicon Graphics,
- (6/22/94)
- o compressed showcase format (47 slides)
- o uncompressed showcase
-
- Abstract: Window systems have evolved to be an extremely complex
- component of workstation system software, rivaling the operating system
- in complexity. At Silicon Graphics, the past has been a (bumpy)
- migration towards increased window system standardization with a
- greater emphasis on 2D and window management performance.
-
- Our present window system supports a host of features to provide the
- infrastructure for a feature-rich, high performance desktop
- environment. Most notable is the tight integration between OpenGL and
- the window system. Other features include a flexible, low latency input
- subsystem; a non-frame buffer (NFB) porting layer for fast hardware
- bring up; support for multiple colormaps and visuals; layered frame
- buffer support for overlays and underlays; dynamic loading of
- heavy-weight X extensions and device-dependent software; PEX; Display
- PostScript; and a shared memory transport. My hope is to provide enough
- information so engineers can appreciate and effectively utilize these
- features.
-
- For the future, I consider trends in window system design. How will
- high-bandwidth, interactive services like 3D, imaging, video, and
- audio, change the way we build window systems? What can we learn from
- the way we build window systems? What can we learn from the way
- competitors like Microsoft design window systems? I sketch a proposal
- for a next-generation window system that reinvents the client-server X
- model for improved performance.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * X Server Multi-rendering for OpenGL and PEX, (1/25/94)
- o compressed PostScript format (17 pages)
-
- Abstract: To support OpenGL(TM) and PEX rendering within the Silicon
- Graphics X server without compromising interactivity, we devised and
- implemented a scheme named "multi-rendering". Making minimal changes to
- the X Consortium sample server's overall structure, the scheme allows
- independent processes within the X server's address space to perform
- OpenGL rendering asynchronously to the X server's main thread of
- execution. The IRIX operating system's process share group facility,
- user-level and pollable semaphores, and support for virtualized direct
- access rendering are all leveraged to support multi- rendering. The
- Silicon Graphics implementation of PEX also uses the multi-rendering
- facility and works by converting rendering requests into OpenGL
- commands. Mutli-rendering is contrasted with other schemes for
- improving server interactivity. Unlike co-routines, multi-rendering
- supports multi-processing; unlike multi-threading, multi-rendering
- requires minimal locking overhead.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * A Three Color Cursor for X, June, 1993
- o compressed postscript format (5 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
- o download compressed tar image [14K] of accompanying src subdir
- o browse src dir contents
-
- A Three Color Cursor for X describes how, with SGI hardware supporting
- three color cursors, one can generate such cursors using X. An
- explication is given of how to implement the previously undocumented
- XSGIMiscSetThirdCursorColor routine, which allows the third color of an
- X cursor to be specified via the use of SGI's proprietary
- SGI-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD extension. This interface is the same mechanism
- used by the IRIS GL's internal cursor management routines to implement
- three color cursors in the GL. OpenGL developers are already aware that
- X is how non-3D rendering tasks are performed. This means OpenGL
- developers should anticipate using X the generate three color cursors.
- This mechanism is not part of the X standard and is only supported on
- Silicon Graphics X servers. But it is easy to query if a given X server
- supports it or not so programs can be written to use three color
- cursors if available. And if not, programs can fall back to use two
- color cursors for less capable X servers.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * A Fully Functional Implementation of Layered Windows, explains the
- semantic basis for SGI's current X server support for layered windows,
- January, 1993
- o compressed PostScript format (12 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
-
- Abstract: Incorporating layered windows into the X server is a non
- trivial task, which has been attempted repeatedly in the past, with
- varying lack of success. We present our criteria for the proper
- behavior of layered windows. We show that the assumptions built into
- the DIX windowing code prevent the proper implementation of layered
- windows, proving that the current windowing code is inherently
- device-dependent. We propose a restructuring of the sample server,
- moving much of the windowing code to DDX. We show how the sample
- windowing model can be extended to clip layered windows, and what
- changes are required to other parts of the server which depend in part
- on knowledge of the current window tree.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * Programming X Overlay Windows, explains how to use SGI's
- SERVER_OVERLAY_VISUALS convention to portably create X windows in the
- overlay planes, June 1993
- o html format
- o compressed postscript (14 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
- o download compressed tar image [14K] of accompanying src subdir
- o browse src dir contents
-
- Abstract: Overlay planes provide an alternate set of frame buffer
- bitplanes which can be preferentially displayed instead of the normal
- set of bitplanes. Overlay planes have been common in high-end graphics
- systems for some time. Recently, work has been done by Silicon Graphics
- to integrate overlay plane support into the X Window System. A standard
- convention proposed and implemented by Silicon Graphics allows X client
- writers to create windows in the overlay planes. This article describes
- how to write programs to utilize overlay planes.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- * Going Beyond the MIT Sample Server: The Silicon Graphics X11 Server,
- explains the enhanced capabilities of SGI's X server, January, 1993
- o compressed postscript format (10 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
- o download compressed tar image [14K] of accompanying source subtree
- o browse src dir contents
-
- Abstract: The MIT X11 Sample Server is the starting point for nearly
- all X11 server implementations. Most server vendors add value beyond
- the sample server. Silicon Graphics has done extensive work to enhance
- the performance and functionality of its X server implementation. The
- server supports X across Silicon Graphics' entire line of
- high-performance graphics hardware. This article describes six
- important areas of enhancement made to the Silicon Graphics server:
- integration with the IRIS GL graphics library, a high performance input
- subsystem, the non-frame buffer porting layer, support for specific
- hardware features, the dynamic linking of hardware support, and the
- Display PostScript extension.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- X11R5 Input Extension Library documents:
-
- * X11 Input Extension Library Specification, Version 1.0, 1991
- o compressed PostScript format (65 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
- This document describes an extension to the X11 server. The purpose of
- this extension is to support the use of additional input devices beyond
- the pointer and keyboard devices defined by the core X protocol. This
- first section gives an overview of the input extension. The following
- sections correspond to chapters 7 and 8, "Window Manager functions" and
- "Events and Event-Handling Functions" of the Xlib - C Language
- Interface manual and describe how to use the input extension.
-
- * X11 Input Extension Porting Document, 1991
- o compressed PostScript format (19 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
- This document is intended to aid the process of integrating the X11
- Input Extension into an X server.
-
- * X11 Input Extension Protocol Specification, Version 1.0, 1991
- o compressed PostScript format (35 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
- This document defines an extension to the X11 protocol to support input
- devices other than the core X keyboard and pointer. An accompanying
- document defines a corresponding extension to Xlib (similar extensions
- for languages other than C are anticipated). This first section gives
- an overview of the input extension. The next section defines the new
- protocol requests defined by the extension. We conclude with a
- description of the new input events generated by the additional input
- devices.
-
- * Appendix A, Input Extension Protocol Encoding
- o compressed PostScript format (24 pages)
- o uncompressed PostScript
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-